Apple Exploit-Chain Bounties, Wireless Proximity Exploits and Tactical Suitcases

October 11th, 2025  |  2 hrs 23 mins

apt research, cyberespionage, nation-state, ransomware, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 67: We discuss the rise of automated red-teaming, Apple’s $2 million exploit chain bounties aimed at outbidding spyware brokers and the iPhone maker's focus on wireless proximity attacks and “tactical suitcase” Wi-Fi exploits. We also hit the news of Paragon spyware targeting European executives and the bizarre story of NSO Group’s supposed US investor buyout.

Plus, an update on Oracle’s zero-day ransomware fiasco, Ivanti’s endless patch delays, the ethics of journalists enabling ransomware operations on leak sites, Europe’s latest failed push for Chat Control, and VirusTotal’s new pricing tiers.

Cast: Ryan Naraine, Costin Raiu and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

Oracle cl0p ransomware crisis, EU drone sightings, Cisco bootkit fallout

October 3rd, 2025  |  2 hrs 3 mins

apt research, cyberespionage, nation-state, ransomware, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 66: We discuss drone sightings that shut down airports across Europe and what they reveal about hybrid warfare and the changing nature of conflict; Oracle ransomware/extortion campaign tied to unpatched E-Business Suite vulnerabilities and the company’s muted response.

Plus, the TikTok–Oracle deal and the strange role Oracle now plays in U.S. national security; OpenAI’s Sora 2 launch and its implications for social media and human expression; Palo Alto’s “Phantom Taurus” APT report, a follow-up on Cisco’s ArcaneDoor disclosures, and the impact of the U.S. government shutdown on CISA.

Cast: Ryan Naraine, Costin Raiu and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

Cisco firewall zero-days and bootkits in the wild

September 27th, 2025  |  1 hr 54 mins

apt research, cyberespionage, nation-state, ransomware, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 65: We zero in on one of the biggest security stories of the year: the discovery of a persistent multi-stage bootkit implanting malware on Cisco ASA firewalls. Details on a new campaign, tied to the same threat actors behind ArcaneDoor, exploiting zero-days in Cisco’s 5500-X series appliances, devices that sit at the heart of government and enterprise networks worldwide.

Plus, Cisco’s controversial handling of these disclosures, CISA's emergency deadlines for patching, the absence of IOCs and samples, and China’s long-term positioning. Plus, thoughts on the Secret Service SIM farm discovery in New York and evidence of Russians APTs Turla and Gamaredon collaborating to hit Ukraine targets.

Cast: Ryan Naraine, Costin Raiu and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

Live at LABScon: Aurora Johnson and Trevor Hilligoss on China's 'internet toilets'

September 24th, 2025  |  22 mins 13 secs

apt research, cyberespionage, nation-state, ransomware, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 64: SpyCloud Labs researchers Aurora Johnson and Trevor Hilligoss discuss the world of “internet toilets," the toxic online communities in China where harassment, stalking, and sextortion thrive. We explore how these groups operate, from doxing ex-lovers and enemies to running coordinated campaigns of cyberbullying that often spill into real-world harm. (Recorded at LABScon 2025).

Cast: Aurora Johnson, Trevor Hilligoss Ryan Naraine and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

Live at LABScon: Visi Stark shares memories of creating the APT1 report

September 24th, 2025  |  28 mins 50 secs

apt research, cyberespionage, nation-state, ransomware, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 63: Co-founder of the Vertex Project Visi Stark joins the buddies to reminisce about his work writing Mandiant's famous APT1 report, the China-nexus threat landscape, the value of cyber threat intelligence, APT-naming schemes, and more... (Recorded at LABScon 2025).

Cast: Visi Stark, Ryan Naraine and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

Live at LABScon: Lindsay Freeman on tracking Wagner Group war crimes

September 24th, 2025  |  31 mins 52 secs

apt research, cyberespionage, military contractors, nation-state, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 62: Lindsay Freeman, Director of the Technology, Law & Policy program at the Human Rights Center, UC Berkeley School of Law, joins the show to discuss her team's meticulous work to document the Wagner Group's chain of command, military operations in parts of Africa, and the broadcasting of war crimes on social media platforms like Telegram. (Recorded at LABScon 2025)

Cast: Lindsay Freeman, Ryan Naraine and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

Can Apple's New Anti-Exploit Tech Stop iPhone Spyware Attacks?

September 9th, 2025  |  2 hrs 45 mins

apt research, cyberespionage, nation-state, spyware, surveillance, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 61: We cover a pair of software supply chain breaches (Salesforce Salesloft Drift and NPM/GitHub) that raises big questions about SaaS integrations and the ripple effects across major security vendors.

Plus, Apple’s new Memory Integrity Enforcement in iPhone 17 and discussion on commercial spyware infections and the value of Apple notifications; concerns around Chinese hardware and surveillance equipment in US infrastructure; Silicon Valley profiting from China’s surveillance ecosystem; and controversy around a Huntress disclosure of an attacker’s operations after an EDR agent was mistakenly installed.

Cast: Ryan Naraine, Costin Raiu and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

Zero-day reality check: iOS exploits, MAPP in China and the hack-back temptation

August 22nd, 2025  |  2 hrs 32 mins

apt research, cyberespionage, nation-state, ransomware, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 59: Apple drops another emergency iOS patch and we unpack what that “may have been exploited” language really means: zero-click chains, why notifications help but forensics don’t, and the uncomfortable truth that Lockdown Mode is increasingly the default for high-risk users. We connect the dots from ImageIO bugs to geopolitics, discuss who’s likely using these exploits, why Apple’s guidance stops short, and the practical playbook (ADP on, reboot often, reduce attack surface) that actually works.

Plus, we debate Microsoft throttling MAPP access for Chinese vendors, the idea of “letters of marque” for cyber (outsourced offense: smart deterrent or Pandora’s box?), and dissect two case studies that blur APT and crimeware: PipeMagic’s CLFS zero-day and Russia-linked “Static Tundra” riding seven-year-old Cisco bugs.

Cast: Ryan Naraine, Costin Raiu and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

Rethinking APT Attribution: Dakota Cary on Chinese Contractors and Espionage-as-a-Service

August 1st, 2025  |  1 hr 51 mins

apt research, cyberespionage, nation-state, ransomware, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 56: China-focused researcher Dakota Cary joins the buddies to dig into China’s sprawling cyber ecosystem, from the HAFNIUM indictments and MSS tasking pipelines to the murky world of APT contractors and the ransomware hustle. We break down China’s “entrepreneurial” model of intelligence collection, why public visibility into these threat actors is so hard to get right, and how companies like Microsoft get caught in the geopolitical crossfire.

Plus: a deep dive on suspected MAPP leaks and Sharepoint zero-days, Singapore targeted by extremely sophisticated China-nexus hacking group, soft censorship in corporate threat-intel, and whether the U.S. should rethink how it fills its intelligence gaps.

Cast: Dakota Cary, Ryan Naraine, Costin Raiu and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.

How did China get Microsoft's zero-day exploits?

July 10th, 2025  |  1 hr 49 mins

apt research, cyberespionage, drone, nation-state, ransomware, zero-day

Three Buddy Problem - Episode 53: We dig into news of the first-ever arrest of a Chinese intelligence-linked hacker in Italy, unpack the mystery behind HAFNIUM and how they somehow got their hands on the same Microsoft Exchange zero-days that researcher Orange Tsai discovered - was it coincidence, inside access, or something more sinister?

Plus, China's massive cyber capabilities pipeline, ‘theCom’ teenagers arrested in the UK after ransomware binge, and spyware attacks against Russian organizations.

Cast: Ryan Naraine, Costin Raiu and Juan Andres Guerrero-Saade.